Reflex reflector



April 18, 1939. M. KAPLOWITZ 2,155,093

REFLEX REFLECTOR Filed Sept. 50, 1956 I INVENTOR M- KAPZow/Tz'.

BYjW

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1939 2,155,093

UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE REFLEX REFLECTOR 1 Morris Kaplowitz,Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Microphone Corporation of America,Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application September 30,1936, Serial No. 103,315

" 7 Claims. (Cl. 88-82) One object of this invention is the provision ofedge of the opening l3. The inner surface of the a multiple reflectoradapted to be mounted on concave floor I1 is mirrored by means of chromevehicles but which may, however, also be used on plating or in any otherdesirable manner. Thus, flxed supports such as warning signs on highwhenassembled, the registering of the concave ways, advertising signs, etc.,having the novel floors I! in the depressions l5 provides fixedrecharacteristic that the device is provided with a tention of the cupsid in the housing. Any suitplurality of unitary reflector units allcontained I able means, such as screws passing through the within ahousing or other equivalent mounting. walls II and I2, notshown, may beprovided to Another object of the invention is the provision furtherlock the two sections of the housings to- 10 of a reflector constructedalong the lines mengether, if desired. 10 tioned, which is opticallyeflicient, simple in con- In the form shown in Figure 3, similar partsare struction, and inexpensive in cost of manufacsimilarly numbered tothat shown in Figure 2. ture. However, in this modification, the frontwall 2! The above and other objects will become apof 'the housing isprovided with openings 22 parent in the description below, in whichcharwhich lack the peripheral lips I4. Also, the rear 18 acters ofreference refer to like-named parts in wall 23 of this housing is flatthroughout.

the accompanying drawing. In the modfication shown in Figure 4, theReferring briefly to the drawing, Figure 1 is a same housing is used asin Figure 3,,but the cup plan view of one form of the reflector. 24comprises an enlarged concave bottom 25 Figure 2 is a cross-sectionalview taken on the which serves as the mirror, and its side walls 28 line2-2 of Figure 1. are in the form of a frustoconical shell, on the Figure3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view upper periphery of which thelens 20 is seated. of a modified unitary reflector element and its Inthe modifications shown in Figures 5, 6,and housing. '7, a single wallis used for mounting the lenses. Figure 4 is a similar view of anothermodified In Figure 5, the cup 21 is provided with the peform. V ripheralflange 28. From diametrically opposite Figure '5 is a similar view of amodified form Points on the flange 28, ears 29 project. The wall whereinthe rear wall of the housing is dispensed 30 in which the lenses 20 aremounted in this with, modification, is provided with openings 3| sur- :0Figure 6 is a similar view of a further modified rounded by peripherallips 32. At diametric y formalso dispensing with the rear wall of theopposite points at the b of the p 32, slots are housing. cut in the wall30 through which the ears 29 are Figure 7 is a view taken at rightangles to Figpassed. I The cup 21 is secured to the wall 30 ure 5,showing the reflector cup per se. by turning the ears 29 down againstthe wall.

Referring in detail to the drawing, the numeral No gasket is shown inthis view, although one 35 I0 indicates a housing having the front wallll may be used, if desired, between the cup 21 and and the rear wall l2,both being provided with the wall 30. mutually telescopic flanges bymeans .of which In the form, shown in Figure 6, the mounting the housingis sealed. A plurality of circular- 38 is substantially similar to thefront wall ll 40 openings [3 are provided in the front wall ll, 'of thehousing I 0. The cup is provided with "0 and peripheral lips i4 surroundthese openings. a peripheral flange 34 having openings at di- The rearwall I2 is provided with depressions ametrically opposite points throughwhich rivets l5 which are concave on the inside of the wall, orscrews.35 are adapted to p'ass.- A layer of one such depression beingprovided for, and in relatively s material n8 as asket,

axial alignment with, each opening l3. A cylinhaving openings thereinaligned with the opendrical cup it, open atthe top, and closed at theings 31, is clamped between the flange 3| and bottom by a concave flooror base i1, is set into the wall 38 by means of the rivets 35. eachconcave depression l5 also in axial align- The forms shownin Figure and4are variment with its opening I 3. The upper rim of the onemodifications of a multiple reflector contained cup liis provided with aperipheral shoulder, I 8. within a sealed housing, all of which servethe no A gasket IQ of relatively soft material is mounted same opticalpurpose. The sealed housing form .on the shoulder I8. Each lens 20,whichisusus own in Fi e howeve y virtue of the ally a sphere of r dg1ass,'1 seated on t m r greater diameter of the reflector base 25,serves periphery of the shoulder It with the gasket I9 to increase theuseful angularity of the reflector secured between the shoulder I8 andthe lower so as toreflect light coming from a source lying at a moreacute angle to the face of the reflector.

As spherical lenses, even though manufactured to the same specification,vary considerably in their optical qualities, it is necessary to grade alarge number of lenses into groups having substantially the same focallength. All of the lenses in one reflector should possess, as near aspossible, the same focal length, i. e., they should each lie at theproper distance from the mirrored base. Since, however, the lenses ofvarious reflectors will have different focal lengths, it is necessary inthe forms which utilize the cylindrical cups, that the depths of thesecups, or the heights or diameters of their walls It, 21, and 33, be thesame for any one reflector unit but vary as between units. In the formshown in Figure 4, such variation may be accomplished by varying thediameter of the upper peripheral opening or seat.

Reflectors of the type mentioned, constructed in accordance with theabove description, may all be made highly emcient in optical properties,yet at the same time simple in construction and inexpensive in cost ofmanufacture. a

Obviously, modifications in form and structur may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Furthermore, the various unitary reflector elements including the cupand its lens, are in most of the forms illustrated, interchangeable withthose in the other housings or mountings shown.

I claim:

l. A reflex reflector comprising a front wall having openings passingtherethrough, a rear wall, a lens mounted in each of said openings, cupsopen at the top and having concave mirrored floors, the diameter of saidfloors being greater than the diameter of said lenses, said cupsbeingmounted in axial alignment with said lenses, said lenses being mountedin said openings between the inner peripheries of the openings and theupper peripheries of the cups, the bottoms of said cups resting againstsaid rear wall, said rear wall pressing said cups against said lensesand said lenses against said front wall, and means for securing saidrear wall to said front wall.

2. In a multiple lens reflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a rear wall, separate lens positioning cupshaving concave mirrored floors and upwardly extending peripheral walls,said peripheral walls encircling the open ends of said cups, alensmounted in each of said openings, the front faces of said lensesprojecting through said openings, the open ends of said cups beingpositioned over the back "faces of .said lenses, said lenses beingpositioned between the inner peripheries of said openings and the openends of said cups, said lenses being larger in diameter than said openends of said cups and said openings, said peripheral walls of said cupspositioning said lenses at a substantially focused relation to saidconcave'mirrored floors, said cups being mounted in axial alignment withsaid lenses and said openings, the bottoms .of said cups resting againstsaid rear wall, said rear wall pressing said cups against said lensesand said lenses against the inner peripheries of said openings, and asurrounding annular wall connecting said front and rear walls,

said front and rear walls being locked together 'thereby locking saidlenses and said mirrored cups into a focused relation.

3. In a multiple lensreflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a

ends of said cups and said openings, said peripheral walls of said cupspositioning said lenses at a substantially focused relation to saidconcave mirrored floors, the bottoms of said cups resting in said seats,said cups, said lenses, and said seats being in axial alignment withsaid openings, said rear wall pressing said cups against said lenses andsaid lenses against the inner periph-' eries of said openings, and asurrounding annular wall connecting said front and rear walls, saidfront and rear walls being locked together thereby locking said lensesand said mirrored cups in a focused relation.

4. In a multiple lens reflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a

ing concave mirrored floors and upwardly extending peripheral walls,each of said peripheral walls having an outwardly extending rim at theopen ends of said cups, said peripheral walls and said rims encirclingthe open ends of said cups, lenses mounted in each of said openings, thefront faces of said lenses projecting through said openings, the openends of said cups being positioned over the back faces of said lenses,said lenses being positioned between the inner peripheries of saidopenings and the open ends of said cups, said lenses being larger indiameter than said open ends of said cups and said openings,'saidperipheral walls positioning said lenses at a substantially focusedrelation to said com cave mirrored floors, said cups being mounted inaxial alignment with said lenses and said openings, the bottoms ofsaidcups resting against said rear wall, said rear wall pressing saidcups against said lenses and said lenses against the inner peripheriesof said openings, and-a surrounding annular wall connecting said frontand rear walls, said front and rear walls being locked together therebylocking said lenses and said mirrored cups into a focused relation.

5. In a multiple lens reflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a rear wall, separate lens positioning cupshaving concave mirrored floors and upwardly extending peripheralwalls,said peripheral walls encircling the open ends of said cups, alens mounted in each of said openings of said front wall, the frontfaces of said lenses projecting through said openings, the open ends ofsaid cups being posisaid open ends of said cups and said openings,

said peripheral walls of said cupspositioning said lenses at asubstantially focused relation to said concave mirrored floors, saidcups being mounted in axial alignment with said lenses, said lens nestsand said openings, the bottoms of said cups resting against said rearwall, said rear wall pressing said cups against said lenses, and

said lenses against the inner peripheries of said openings, and asurrounding annular wall connecting said front and rear walls, saidfront and rear walls being locked together thereby lockifig said lensesand said mirrored cups intoa focused relation. a

6. In a multiple lensreflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a rear wall having seats integral therewith,separate lens positioning cups having concave mirrored floors andupwardly extending peripheral walls, said peripheral walls havingoutwardly extending rims at the open ends of said cups, said peripheralwalls and said rims encircling the open ends of said cups, lensesmounted in each of said openings, the front face of said lensesprojecting through said openings, the open ends of said cups beingpositioned over the back faces of said lenses, said lenses beingpositioned between the inner peripheries of the openings and the openends of said cups, said lenses being larger in diameter than said openends of said cups and said openings, said peripheral walls of said cupspositioning said lenses at a substantially focused relation to saidconcave mirrored floors, the bottoms of said cups resting in said seats,said cups, said lenses, and said seats being in axial alignment withsaid openings, said rear wall pressing said cups against said lenses andsaid lenses against the inner peripheries of said openings, and asurrounding annular wall connecting said front and rear walls, saidfrontand rear walls being locked together thereby locking said lensesand said mirrored cups in a focused relation.

"1. In a multiple lens reflex reflector comprising a front wall havingopenings therethrough, a rear wall having seats integral therewith,separate lens positioning cups having concave mir-. rored floors andupwardly extending peripheral walls, said peripheral walls having eachan outwardly extending rim at the open end of the cup, said peripheralwalls and said rims encircling the open ends of said cups, lensesmounted in each of said openings, the front faces of said lensesprojecting through said openings. the open ends of said cups beingpositioned over the back faces of said lenses, said lenses beingpositioned between the inner peripheries of said openings and the openends of said cups, lens nests of relatively soft material having saidlenses nested therein, said lens nests being mounted between said frontwall and said cups, said lenses being larger in diameter than said openends of said cups and said openings, said peripheral walls of said cupspositioning said lenses at a substantially focused relation to saidconcave mirrored floors, the bottoms of said. cupsresting in said seats,said cups, said lenses, said lens nests, and said seats being in axialalignment with said openings, said rear wall! pressing said cups againstsaid lenses and said lenses against the inner peripheries of saidopenings, and a surrounding annular wall connecting said front and rearwalls, said front and rear walls being locked together thereby lookingsaid lenses and said mirrored cups into a focused relation. 1

- MORRIS KAPLOWITZ.

